To Sir, with Love
-E. R. Braithwaite
About the Author:
Eustace
Edward Ricardo Braithwaite, who was born on 27th January, 1912and died on
12th December, 2016, known as E. R. Braithwaite, was a Guyanese- born
British-American novelist, writer, teacher and diplomat, best known for his
stories of social conditions and racial discrimination against black people. He
was the author of one of the famous 1959 autobiographical novel, ‘To Sir, with
Love’.
He
also wrote ‘A Kind of Homecoming’, about his tour of Africa, ‘A Choice of
Straws’, a novel set in London, and ‘Reluctant Neighbors’, a memoir and
treatise about racism. Braithwaite’s numerous writings primarily deal with the
difficulties of being an educated black man, a black social worker, a black
teacher, and simply a human being who found himself in a set of inhumane circumstances.
‘To
Sir, with Love’ is an autobiographical novel. The narrator is an engineer, but
to make both ends meet, he accepts the job of a teacher in a rough London East
End school. The school is full of troublemaker students who were rejected from
other schools for their behaviour. At the beginning, the narrator is ridiculed
and bullied by the students, but later his calm demeanor and desire to see them
succeed gradually earn him their respect
Major
Characters:
1.
Ricky Braithwaite, Narrator
2.
Gillian Blanchard
3.
Mrs. Dale-Evans
4.
Denham
5.
Pamela Dare
6. Mr.
Florian
Summary
of the Novel:
‘To Sir, with Love’ is a work of
fiction based on the life of the author, E.R. Braithwaite. The main character,
E. R. Braithwaite, works as an engineer in an oil refinery. He served in the
Royal British Air Force in the war. After the war, being a black person, he was
unable to find employment. As a last resort, he applied in a school to become a
teacher. Surprisingly, he is accepted at the Greenslade School in London’s East
End, and is set to teach the senior classes of the school.
While reading the novel, we have
to understand that the time period in which the story takes place is very
important. Braithwaite finds that even though he considers himself British and
has served in the Royal Air Force (RAF), the English do not consider him to be
one of them. This makes Braithwaite bitter about the English and the
colonialism, as well as about his white students.
Braithwaite’s teaching position
starts out roughly and he is embarrassed time and again. He considers his
students disrespectful, ill-mannered and mischievous while his students
consider him to be an arrogant outsider, unfamiliar with the social environment
in which they have grown up. The students harass him from day one, slamming
their desks during his lecture, using foul language, and bullying him to a
great extent. Even the girl students do not spare a moment to harass
Braithwaite. In a reaction to that Braithwaite verbally scolds the girls for
acting in an unladylike manner and being unruly in the class.
When he understands that his
outburst has not gained him any respect and co-operation from the students, he
changes his teaching and handling tactics and he decides to interact with them as though they are
adults and respectable persons. He requires every girl be referred to as ‘Miss’
and that his students call him ‘Sir.’ At first, the students find this level of
deference ridiculous and unnecessary; however, they come around after only a
few weeks, completely changing both their hygiene and their attitudes towards
one another. This marks the success of Braithwaite in handling the students in
a very amicable way.
To increase the class cultural
exposure, he takes them on field trips and excursions to museums and theatres,
to everyone’s surprise many of the students have never been. A white female
teacher, Gillian Blanchard, accompanies the class on these excursions; this
marks the beginning of a friendship between Blanchard and Braithwaite.
Similarly, Braithwaite’s relationship with his students is tested many a times.
Although his students frequently
disappoint and hurt him, he learns to forgive them, the students constantly
surprise him with their maturity, empathy and knowledge.
Another facet of the story which
greatly affects its narrative lies in the heavy history of colonialism, its
dark consequences, mental and physical trauma that increases Braithwaite’s
hatred and wrath for British. He constantly feels the prejudicial effects of
colonialism while living in England after World War II, and these negative
experiences frequently shape his thoughts and actions. Braithwaite is surprised
and shocked by the conditions in which these students live, and also the
physical trauma of the war that can be seen throughout his teaching
environment.
Theme of the Novel
Students-teacher relationship,
prejudice and racism are the major themes of the novel.
E. R. Braithwaite gets a job of a
teacher in a rather rough and notorious school. He finds that the students
belong to a background that is not suitable for learning and their overall
development and progress. He notices that the students are in no mood to change
their attitude and behaviour. Braithwaite with his novel and creative ideas,
innovative techniques and understanding the students’ psychology, ultimately
wins their hearts in no time. Though he was bullied, harassed, mentally and
physically tortured many times, he didn’t lose his patience and continued
implementing his novel ideas and techniques that helped him to bring a
significant change in his students’ lives.
The racism prevalent in Great Britain
during the mid-1940s, the time period during which ‘To Sir, with Love’ takes
place, is of primary significance in the novel. The narrator cites repeated
incidents in which he experiences the racism of white Britons, including
encounters on the bus, at job interviews, at Greenslade School, when searching
for housing, at a restaurant with his girl friend and so on.
At the outset, Braithwaite is
struck by the unexpectedness of such prejudice. He was brought up in British
Guiana and he viewed himself as a British citizen, not as a black British
citizen in a British colony. When he served Great Britain in the Royal Air Force
that gave him respect and esteem in the society. The day he left the job, he
finds himself to be an outsider.
Braithwaite’s extensive
experience and education was of no use in job interviews, where he is informed
that the job has already been filled or he is overqualified for it. This
heightens Braithwaite’s sense of betrayal for the British. Interestingly, he
never lashes out physically and only rarely does he do so verbally. He exhibits
patient endurance at times, and at others he describes the way the rage inside
him is transforming into hatred so strong that he desires to hurt those who
treat him unfairly. As a result of such experiences, Braithwaite finds
the students at the Greenslade School to be a bit notorious and rough in behavior
but with proper care and treatment, all the students would surely achieve
success and desired goals in their lives.
(taken from Textbook)
